Numerical Investigation of Fracture Behaviour of Polyurethane Adhesives under the Influence of Moisture

Abstract

The mechanical behaviour of polymer adhesives is influenced by the environmental conditions leading to ageing and affecting the integrity of the material. The polymer adhesives have hygroscopic behaviour and tend to absorb moisture from the environment, causing the material to swell without applying external load. The focus of the work is to investigate the viscoelastic material behaviour under ageing conditions. The constitutive equations and the governing equations to numerically investigate the fracture in swollen viscoelastic material are discussed to describe the numerical implementation. Phase-field damage modelling has been used in numerical studies of ductile and brittle materials for a long time. The finite-strain phase-field damage model is used to investigate the fracture behaviour in aged viscoelastic polymer adhesives. The finite-strain viscoelastic model is formulated based on the continuum rheological model by combining spring and Maxwell elements in parallel. Commercially available post-cured crosslinked polyurethane adhesives are used in the current investigation. Post-cured samples of crosslinked polyurethane adhesives are prepared for different humidity conditions under isothermal conditions. These aged samples are used to perform tensile and tear tests and the test data are used to identify the material parameters from the curve fitting process. The experiment and simulation are compared to relate the findings and are the first step forward to improve the method to model crosslinked polymers.