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Titel: Hydrogen-treated, sub-micrometer carbon beads for fast capacitive deionization with high performance stability
VerfasserIn: Krüner, Benjamin
Srimuk, Pattarachai
Fleischmann, Simon
Zeiger, Marco
Schreiber, Anna
Aslan, Mesut
Quade, Antje
Presser, Volker
Sprache: Englisch
Titel: Carbon : an international journal sponsored by the American Carbon Society
Bandnummer: 117
Startseite: 46
Endseite: 54
Verlag/Plattform: Elsevier
Erscheinungsjahr: 2017
Dokumenttyp: Journalartikel / Zeitschriftenartikel
Abstract: Novolac is a low-cost carbon precursor which can be used to derive nanoporous carbon beads in sub-micrometer size. In this study, we introduce this material as a novel electrode material for capacitive deionization (CDI) with high performance stability and superior desalination rate. The polymer beads were synthesized employing a self-emulsifying system in an autoclave, pyrolyzed under argon, and activated with CO2, yielding a specific surface area of 1905 m2 g−1 with a high total pore volume of 1.26 cm3 g−1. After CO2 activation, the material shows a salt sorption capacity of ∼8 mg g−1, but the performance is highly influenced by functional groups, causing an inversion peak and fast performance decay. However, de-functionalization via hydrogen treatment is outlined as an effective strategy to improve the CDI performance. After hydrogen treatment of novolac-derived carbon beads, we obtained a salt sorption capacity of 11.5 mg g−1 with a charge efficiency of more than 80% and a performance stability of around 90% over more than 100 cycles. Particularly attractive for practical application is the very high average salt adsorption rate of 0.104 mg g−1 s−1, outperforming commercial activated carbons, which are commonly used for CDI, by at least a factor of two.
DOI der Erstveröffentlichung: 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.02.054
URL der Erstveröffentlichung: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0008622317301835
Link zu diesem Datensatz: hdl:20.500.11880/27999
http://dx.doi.org/10.22028/D291-29115
ISSN: 0008-6223
Datum des Eintrags: 2-Okt-2019
Fakultät: NT - Naturwissenschaftlich- Technische Fakultät
Fachrichtung: NT - Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik
Professur: NT - Prof. Dr. Volker Presser
Sammlung:SciDok - Der Wissenschaftsserver der Universität des Saarlandes

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