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Titel: Radiation Dermatitis: Radiation-Induced Effects on the Structural and Immunological Barrier Function of the Epidermis
VerfasserIn: Rübe, Claudia E.
Freyter, Benjamin M.
Tewary, Gargi
Roemer, Klaus
Hecht, Markus
Rübe, Christian
Sprache: Englisch
Titel: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Bandnummer: 25
Heft: 6
Verlag/Plattform: MDPI
Erscheinungsjahr: 2024
Freie Schlagwörter: radiation dermatitis
ionizing radiation
skin inflammation
epidermis
cellular senescence
senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)
DDC-Sachgruppe: 610 Medizin, Gesundheit
Dokumenttyp: Journalartikel / Zeitschriftenartikel
Abstract: An important hallmark of radiation dermatitis is the impairment of the mitotic ability of the stem/progenitor cells in the basal cell layers due to radiation-induced DNA damage, leading to suppressed cell renewal in the epidermis. However, this mechanism alone does not adequately explain the complex pathogenesis of radiation-induced skin injury. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on the complex pathogenesis of radiation dermatitis and correlate these with the clinical features of radiation-induced skin reactions. The current studies show that skin exposure to ionizing radiation induces cellular senescence in the epidermal keratinocytes. As part of their epithelial stress response, these senescent keratinocytes secrete pro-inflammatory mediators, thereby triggering skin inflammation. Keratinocyte-derived cytokines and chemokines modulate intercellular communication with the immune cells, activating skin-resident and recruiting skin-infiltrating immune cells within the epidermis and dermis, thereby orchestrating the inflammatory response to radiation-induced tissue damage. The increased expression of specific chemoattractant chemokines leads to increased recruitment of neutrophils into the irradiated skin, where they release cytotoxic granules that are responsible for the exacerbation of an inflammatory state. Moreover, the importance of IL-17-expressing γδ-T cells to the radiation-induced hyperproliferation of keratinocytes was demonstrated, leading to reactive hyperplasia of the epidermis. Radiation-induced, reactive hyperproliferation of the keratinocytes disturbs the fine-tuned keratinization and cornification processes, leading to structural dysfunction of the epidermal barrier. In summary, in response to ionizing radiation, epidermal keratinocytes have important structural and immunoregulatory barrier functions in the skin, coordinating interacting immune responses to eliminate radiation-induced damage and to initiate the healing process.
DOI der Erstveröffentlichung: 10.3390/ijms25063320
URL der Erstveröffentlichung: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063320
Link zu diesem Datensatz: urn:nbn:de:bsz:291--ds-418249
hdl:20.500.11880/37421
http://dx.doi.org/10.22028/D291-41824
ISSN: 1422-0067
Datum des Eintrags: 2-Apr-2024
Fakultät: M - Medizinische Fakultät
Fachrichtung: M - Innere Medizin
M - Radiologie
Professur: M - Prof. Dr. Markus Hecht
M - Prof. Dr. Christian Rübe
M - Keiner Professur zugeordnet
Sammlung:SciDok - Der Wissenschaftsserver der Universität des Saarlandes

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